FELINE NUTRITION AND OBESITY

By Erin St. Charles, LVT 

Cats are strict carnivores and in their natural environment get nutrients from their prey animal's tissues.  This results in a high protein, moderate fat and low carb diet.  Vitamins, minerals and water round out the diet of our feline companions.  Commercially made foods that meet AAFCO standards and have had feeding trial studies done are considered complete or balanced diets and contain the proper levels of each nutrient requirement.

      ·         PROTEINS:

Provide the building blocks of tissues through amino acids. Amino acids are manufactured by the cat and also come from meat and by-product meal.

·         FATS:

Supply energy, essential fatty acids and promote absorption of fat- soluble vitamins Provide palatability Contribute to healthy skin and hair coat.

·         CARBS:

       Provide energy.

·         VITAMINS:

Necessary for chemical reactions in the body and needs fat to be absorbed ( can't convert   vitamins from vegetables) Cats make their own Vit C, and require more Vit B than most species  If you are feeding a complete and balanced commercial diet, supplementation is not needed.

·         MINERALS:

Necessary for structural building and chemical reactions. If you are feeding a complete and balanced diet, supplementation is not needed.

·         WATER:

                    Most important nutrient.

Clean and fresh water should be available at all times. You can also feed canned food that has 75% water content. Adding water to dry food can also increase water intake. 

PROPER FEEDING:

It is best to choose a complete and balanced diet that matches your cat's life stage and activity level.  Recommendations for feeding amounts are typically on the food bag.  Be aware that these amounts may need to be adjusted to each individual cat but it is good place to start.   

COMMON FEEDING ISSUES:

·         Raw diets while high in proteins, increases the risk of parasites, pathogenic bacteria and     nutrient deficiencies which can cause severe medical issues.

·         Milk can be difficult for some cats to digest and can lead to diarrhea.

·         Homemade diets can be difficult to balance and can lead to nutritional deficiencies, over supplementation and possibly cause severe medical issues.  It is best to contact a veterinarian or animal nutritionist to be sure a homemade diet is balanced and appropriate.

·         Over feeding leads to obesity. 

FELINE OBESITY:

Obesity in cats can lead to many health issues such as:

·         Liver disease

·         Heart disease

·         Kidney disease

·         Respiratory problems

·         Constipation

·         Diabetes

·         Arthritis 

PREVENTION AND TREATMENT:

• Measuring food
• Feed on a set schedule
• Limited treats and no table scraps
• Exercise- areas for climbing, laser lights, regular playtime, feeders that dispense food while cat plays with it
• light formula or prescription weight loss food. 

       **Hill's makes a variety of prescription weight loss foods for cats.

-Metabolic has added antioxidants and is formulated for an efficient metabolism
 -r/d is low in fat and high in fiber for a low calorie food
 -w/d is a low calorie, low fat food with added antioxidants and is good for diabetics
 -m/d is a low carb, high protein food with added antioxidants.

For more information on weight loss go to Hill's Prescription Diets

 

 

 

 

Weight Loss and Weight Control Diets

By Tammy Washburn, LVT

 

Pet obesity is becoming more and more common.  It is estimated that 50% of pets are overweight.  By keeping our pets at a healthy weight they are less likely to have back problems, difficulty with mobility due to arthritis, and stay active.  There are numerous food companies with a wide variety of diets available.  At this clinic we carry Hills Diets, as they are one of the top dog food companies.  Other companies that we recommend include Purina, Iams, and Royal Canin.  Here are a few descriptions of diets to help you choose which one is best for your pet.

Canine Diets

 

 

Metabolic Diet – Is specially formulated to help obese dogs lose weight and once that target weight is reached the dog can remain on this diet.  It has been shown to be 88% effective in 2 months.  It provides the dog with antioxidants to support vitality and holistic health.  This product works with the dog’s unique metabolism to help it lose weight.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

R/D- Is primarily for weight loss.  It is shown to reduces body fat by 22% in two months.  High levels of L-carnitine burns fat and maintains lean muscle.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W/D- Is a weight control diet.  Once your pet has reached its ideal weight W/D can be fed to maintain a healthy weight.  High levels of fiber makes the dog feel full after eating a smaller portion.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ideal Balance Slim and Healthy- Natural Ingredients balanced for a healthier weight.  It helps to burn calories and lose weight in 10 weeks and maintain muscle mass.  This food contains natural grains and fibers for dogs 1-6 year of age.

 

 For more information on these diets and to help you decide which diet is best for your pet visit www.hillspet.com/weight-management/pet-fitness.html. Click on Weight Check Tool.

 How do you know if your pet is overweight?
  This chart will help guide you.

Could Osetoarthritis be eaffecting you pet?

By: Jane Bishop

Does your pet have a hard time getting around? If your answer is yes, then your pet may be suffering from osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is caused by progressive inflammation and deterioration of the soft tissue, cartilage, and bone in one or more joints, which leads to pain and decreased mobility. It will affect one out of

The Benefits of Fish Oils

by: Tammy Wahsburn, LVT

It is estimated that 11% of dogs and 20% of cats have cardiovascular disease.  Dogs with heart failure are deficient in DPA and EPAs. Omega 3 fatty acids can be supplemented to increase these levels.  Dogs and cats require a higher level of fish oils than people.  Veterinary pharmaceutical companies have developed products such as, Free Form Snip Tips specific to your pet's needs.  It can take 4-6 weeks before the owner sees ant benefits of the fish oils.  For more information visit www.tevaanimalhealth.com.

Fish oils can also help with the reduction of inflammation associated with osteoarthritis in dogs.  Hill's J/D food provides fish oils that can help to preserve joint cartilage. Within 21 days in dogs and 28 days in cats owners are seeing their pets be more active and most are able to decrease the dosage of pain medication being given.  For more information visit wwwDVM360.com or wwwhillspet.com/homeguide.  

FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION (FIV) IN CATS

 ~ Smokie ~

A 14 year old cat, diagnosed with

FIV at 1 year old

The feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection is a complex retrovirus that causes immunodeficiency disease in domestic cats. Immunodeficiency is the medical term used to describe the body’s inability to develop a normal immune response. FIV is slow moving, capable of lying dormant in the body before causing symptoms.

FIV is a transmissible disease that occurs more often in

Feline Upper Respiratory Infection

    By: Kristi Skelton, LVT

    If your cat has ever suffered from symptoms such as sneezing, nasal congestion, and nasal discharge, then it is likely that he or she was experiencing the symptoms of a feline upper respiratory infection.

    Feline upper respiratory infections (URI's) are common in cats but by not means normal.  These symptoms usually last 7 - 21 days and can clear up on their own, but generally require a trip to the veterinarian's office and a prescription for an antibiotic.

    The most common viral agents that cause feline URI's are feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR),
also known as feline herpes virus 1, and feline calici virus (FCV).  All cats that have FVR will become carriers for life and symptoms can flare up during stressful situations.  Only around 50 % of cats that have had FCV will become carriers and although symptoms do not usually reoccur, infected cats serve as a source of infection for other unprotected cats.
 
    Fortunately, both of these viruses can be vaccinated against. In fact both of these viruses are so common the vaccination for them is considered a "core" vaccine meaning that it is highly recommended.  The vaccine helps decrease the clinical signs.
  So please be sure to keep your cats vaccines up to date with a yearly exam at you local veterinarian's office

Latest Vaccine Protocol for Dogs and Cats

By Erin St. Charles, LVT

Do you know what your new puppy or kitten needs to be vaccinated for?

Utilizing proper vaccination protocols is a very important part of animal management.  Vaccinations can help protect your pet from diseases such as Parvovirus, Rabies, Influenza, Lyme, Feline Leukemia and Distemper.  In puppies and kittens 4 series of shots will be given between the ages of 6 and 16 weeks at 3-4 weeks intervals.  After the initial booster period the animals should be re-vaccinated annually to maintain protection.  Adult dogs and cats that do not have a known